Journal of the Oxford University History Society, 1.1 (2004).
Contrary to the common view that the Middle Ages was a time of rapid environmental exploitation and degradation, legal documents of the first three Anglo-Norman kings, who reigned over England and Normandy from 1066 to 1135, reveal that medieval landholders in their kingdom practised conscious forestry management to balance demands on woodland resources. The king, nobility, and clergy employed foresters and other forest custodians to delicately balance requirements for timber, pastureland, and hunting, in order to accommodate the needs of everyday life as well as noble entertainment. The Anglo-Normans employed multi-use forest management that is strikingly similar to modern forestry practises of the United Kingdom and the United States.
Available online. Note that this was published under my prior name, Dolores Wilson